很多时间都坐在办公桌旁，办公室职员一般都受到健康问题的困扰。

　　[即时演练2]　用独立主格结构作状语改写句子

　　①After the lecture was given, a lively question­and­answer session followed.

　　→The_lecture_given,_a lively question­and­answer session followed.

　　②The factory produced many famous cars, none of which were shipped to foreign countries.

　　→The factory produced many famous cars, none_of_them_shipped_to_foreign_countries.

　　③Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy.

　　→Extra_money_given_to_the_poor,_he felt very happy.

　　四、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别

　　过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。

　　[助记]　分词作状语记忆口诀

　　分词作状语，主语是问题。

　　前后两动作，共用一主语。

　　主语找出后，再来判关系。

　　主动用­ing，被动用­ed。

　　Used for a long time, the book looks old.(动宾关系)

　　由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去陈旧。

　　Using the book, I find it very useful.(主谓关系)

　　在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。

　　[名师点津]　无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。

　　If caught, the police will punish the thief.(×)

　　If caught, the thief will be punished by the police.(√)

　　If the thief is caught, the police will punish the thief.(√)

　　[即时演练3]　用所给词的适当形式填空

　　①When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, telling (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.

　　②-Where is Jimmy?

　　-Just now I saw him sitting under the tree, absorbed (absorb) in his video games.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空