(2)As a matter of fact，this plant is harmless to humans.事实上，这种植物对人类无害。

(3)There is no harm (in) giving up smoking.

戒烟没有害处。

[一句多译]

(4)喝酒太多对你的健康伤害很大。

①Drinking too much does harm to your health.(harm)

②Drinking too much is harmful to your health.(harmful)

5．They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.

它们也下蛋，并且在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。

(1)exist vi.存在；生存

exist on靠......生活/生存

exist in存在于......中

There exist(s)/existed...某地有......；存在......

(2)existence n．存在；生存

come into existence(＝begin to exist)产生；成立

in existence现存的，存在的

(1)Jet airplanes and big trucks didn't exist yet.

喷气式飞机和大卡车还不存在。

(2)To be honest，I can hardly exist on the wage I'm getting.说实话，我依靠工资几乎活不下去。

(3)Sudan came into existence(exist) at the end of the 1800s.苏丹国于19世纪末开始成立。

(4)The bridge is the oldest in existence.

这座桥是现存最古老的。

6．These animals were different from all life forms in the past，because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.

这些动物不同于以往所有的生物形式，因为它们能从体内生出幼子并给幼子哺乳。

give birth to产生；分娩；引发；造成

by birth血统上；生来，天生地

at birth出生时

(1)Religious differences between them gave birth to a war.

他们之间的宗教分歧引发了一场战争。

(2)Mary was said to be African by birth.

据说玛丽是非洲人。

(3)The overweight boy weighed 4.85 kilograms at birth.这个超重的男孩出生时重4.85公斤。