2. Doing vocabulary exercises

Turn to page 3 and do exercises 2, 3 and 4.

3. Learning about the subjunctive mood

1) Please turn to page 87 and let's learn something about The Subjunctive Mood.

2) Ok. Now here are more details about the use of The Subjunctive Mood. Shall we learn them together to get a better and clearer understanding?

虚拟语气在条件句中的用法:

　1．表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词的主要形式如下:

非真实条件句/if 条件句 主句 动词的过去式 （ be的过去式用were ） would{should, could, might} +动词原形 如：We would go with you if we had time.

　　If I were you, I would consider their plan.

　　If I knew this telephone number, I would ring him up.

注意: should 多用于第一人称后。在非正式场合中，特别是在口语中，第一、二人称中单数现在用was的也不少。

　　If he was here, we could ask him.

　2. 表示和过去事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：

非真实条件句/if 条件句 主句 had+过去分词 would{should, could, might} +have done 如：If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.

If you had come earlier, you might have met him.

If I had known your telephone number, I would have called you.

If I hadn't taken your advice, I would have made a bad mistake.

You wouldn't have caught a cold if you had put on more clothes.

3. 表示和将来事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：

非真实条件句/if 条件句 主句 should /were to+ 动词原形

动词的过去时 would{should, could, might} +动词原形 如：If it should rain, the crops would be saved.

If it were to snow tomorrow, they wouldn't go out.

If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way.

If he got there this afternoon, he would buy a map of the city.

If I should be asked/were asked /were to be asked to go, I'd certainly go.

特别注意：

　1. 如非真实条件句的谓语含有系动词were或助动词had或should等词，可将if省 略，而把were，had或should 放在主语之前，变为虚拟倒装句，这和带有if的虚拟条件从句所表示的含义完全相同。

　　If I were you, I would get up early every morning. →

Were I you, I would get up early every morning.

Had you arrived at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.

Should there be a flood, what should we do?

Were they here now, they could help us.

　2. if 虚拟句的省略。

　　Given enough money, we could have done it much better.

　3. 有时用介词或副词代替虚拟语气的条件句。这些词常是：but for, without, otherwise等。

　　The change could not have taken place without the open-door policy.

　　没有开放的政策，就不会有如此大的变化。

But for your advice, I could not have done it so successfully. 如果不是听了你的建议，我就不会做的如此成功。

　　I was so busy then. Otherwise, I would have told him the answer.

我当时很忙，否则，我就会把答案告诉他的。

　4. if only 要是，只要，但愿

　　If only we could see each other once! 但愿我们能相见一次!

If only I had listened to his advice! 我要是听了他的劝告就好了！

　5. 虚拟语气的混合条件句：即条件从句和主句时态不一致。

如："If I had missed" said William Tell, "and had shot too low, I was going to use this arrow on you."

If you had listened to the teacher carefully yesterday, you could answer the question now.

If we hadn't been working hard in the past few years, things wouldn't be going so smoothly.