超导中的纳米科学和工程

1 Guided Vortex Motion and Vortex Ratchets

in Nanostructured Superconductors

Alejandro V. Silhanek, Joris Van de Vondel,

and Victor V. Moshchalkov

1.1 Introduction.

1.2 Equation of Motion

1.3 Guided Vortex Motion

1.3.1 Transverse Electric Field and Guided Vortex Motion..

1.3.2 Experimental Results and Theoretical Investigations.

1.4 Ratchets

1.4.1 Basic Ingredients

1.4.2 Experimental Considerations

1.4.3 Experimental Results and Theoretical Investigations.

1.5 Conclusion

References

1 Guided Vortex Motion and Vortex Ratchets

in Nanostructured Superconductors

Alejandro V. Silhanek, Joris Van de Vondel,

and Victor V. Moshchalkov

1.1 Introduction.

1.2 Equation of Motion

1.3 Guided Vortex Motion

1.3.1 Transverse Electric Field and Guided Vortex Motion..

1.3.2 Experimental Results and Theoretical Investigations.

1.4 Ratchets

1.4.1 Basic Ingredients

1.4.2 Experimental Considerations

1.4.3 Experimental Results and Theoretical Investigations.

1.5 Conclusion

References

2 High-Tc Films: From Natural Defects to Nanostructure

Engineering of VortexMatter

Roger W¨ordenweber

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 Vortex Matter in High-Tc Superconductors

2.2.1 Vortex Motion in Ideal Superconductors

2.2.2 Flux Pinning and Summation Theories

2.2.3 Pinning Mechanism in HTS.

2.3 Vortex Manipulation in HTS Films

2.3.1 Vortex Manipulation via Artificial Structures

2.3.2 Theoretical Considerations of Vortex

Manipulation via Antidots

2.3.3 Experimental Demonstration..

2.4 Vortex Matter in Superconducting Devices

2.4.1 Low-Frequency Noise in SQUIDs

2.4.2 Vortex Matter in Microwave Devices

2.5 Conclusions.

References

3 Ion Irradiation of High-Temperature Superconductors

and Its Application for Nanopatterning.

Wolfgang Lang and Johannes D. Pedarnig

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Defect Creation by Ion Irradiation..

3.2.1 Methods.

3.2.2 Ion Species

3.2.3 Ion Energy Dependence.

3.2.4 Angle Dependence..

3.2.5 Experimental Results

3.3 Electrical Properties after Ion Irradiation

3.3.1 Brief Review

3.3.2 Experimental Techniques

3.3.3 Resistivity

3.3.4 Hall Effect

3.3.5 Long-term Stability

3.4 Nano-patterning by Masked Ion Beam Irradiation

3.4.1 Previous Attempts to Nanopatterning of HTS

3.4.2 Computer Simulation Results

3.4.3 Experimental Patterning Tests

3.5 Conclusions and Outlook

References

4 Frontiers Problems of the Josephson Effect: From

Macroscopic Quantum Phenomena Decay

to High-TC Superconductivity.

Antonio Barone, Floriana Lombardi, and Francesco Tafuri

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Grain Boundary Junctions: The Tool

4.3 Retracing d-wave Order Parameter Symmetry

in Josephson Structures

4.4 Macroscopic Quantum Phenomena in Josephson

Systems: Fundamentals and Low Critical Temperature

Superconductor Junctions..

4.4.1 Resistively and Capacitively Shunted Junction

Model and the "Washboard" Potential.

4.4.2 Macroscopic Quantum Tunnelling (MQT)

and Energy Level Quantization (ELQ)

4.4.3 Developments of Quantum Measurements

forMacroscopic Quantum Coherence Experiments

4.5 Macroscopic Quantum Effects in High-TC Josephson

Junctions and in UnconventionalConditions

4.5.1 Macroscopic Quantum Phenomena

in High-TC Josephson Junctions

4.5.2 Switching Current Statistics in Moderately

Damped Josephson Junctions

4.5.3 MQT Current Bias Modulation

4.6 Mesoscsopic Effects and Coherence in HTS

Nanostructures..

4.7 Conclusions.

References

5 Intrinsic Josephson Tunneling in High-Temperature

Superconductors

A. Yurgens and D. Winkler

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Sample Fabrication.

5.2.1 Simple Mesa

5.2.2 Flip-Chip Zigzag Bridges

5.2.3 Other Methods

5.3 Electrical Characterization.

5.3.1 I-V Curves of Intrinsic Josephson Junctions in Bi2212

5.3.2 Critical Current Density of Individual CuO Plane

5.3.3 Superconducting Critical Current

of Individual CuO Planes in Bi2212

5.3.4 Tunneling Spectroscopy.

5.3.5 THz Radiation

5.3.6 Joule Heating in Mesas

5.3.7 The C-Axis Positive and Negative Magneto-

Resistance in a Perpendicular Magnetic

Field

5.4 Summary.

References

6 Stacked Josephson Junctions

S. Madsen, N.F. Pedersen, and P.L. Christiansen

6.1 Introduction.

6.2 Model

6.2.1 Numerical Method.

6.2.2 Analytic Solutions.

6.3 Bunching of Fluxons.

6.3.1 Bunching due to Coupling Between Equations

6.3.2 Bunching due to Boundary Conditions

6.3.3 External Microwave Signal

6.3.4 External Cavity

6.4 ExperimentalWork

6.5 Summary.

References

7 Point-Contact Spectroscopy of Multigap Superconductors

P. Samuely, P. Szab?o, Z. Pribulov?a, and J. Kaˇcmarˇc??k

7.1 Point-Contact Andreev Reflexion Spectroscopy.

7.2 Two Gaps in MgB2 and Doped MgB2 Systems

7.2.1 MgB2

7.2.2 Aluminum and Carbon-DopedMgB2

7.3 Multiband Superconductivity in the 122-type Iron Pnictides

7.4 Conclusions.

References

8 Nanoscale Structures and Pseudogap in Under-doped

High-Tc Superconductors

M. Saarela and F.V. Kusmartsev

8.1 Introduction.

8.2 Microscopic Origin of Two Types of Charge Carriers.

8.3 Pseudogap and Two Types of Charge Carriers

8.4 Nanostructures in STM Measurements..

8.5 Conclusions.

References

9 Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy of High Tc Cuprates

Ivan Maggio-Aprile, Christophe Berthod, Nathan Jenkins,

Yanina Fasano, Alexandre Piriou, and ?ystein Fischer

9.1 Introduction.

9.2 Basic Principles of the STM/STS Technique

9.2.1 Operating Principles

9.2.2 Topography

9.2.3 Local Tunneling Spectroscopy.

9.2.4 STS of Superconductors..

9.3 Spectral Characteristics of HTS Cuprates

9.3.1 General Spectral Features of HTS Cuprates.

9.3.2 Superconducting Gap and Pseudogap

9.4 Revealing Vortices and the Structure

of their Cores by STS

9.4.1 Vortex Matter in Conventional Superconductors.

9.4.2 Vortex Matter in HTS.

9.4.3 Electronic Structure of the Cores

9.5 Local Electronic Modulations seen by STM.

9.5.1 Local Modulations of the Superconducting Gap

9.5.2 Local Modulations of the DOS

9.5.3 Summary.

References

10 Scanning Tunnelling Spectroscopy of Vortices

with Normal and Superconducting tips

J.G. Rodrigo, H. Suderow, and S. Vieira

10.1 Introduction.

10.2 Experimental: Low Temperature STM

with Superconducting tips

10.2.1 Low Temperature STM.

10.2.2 Tips Preparation and Characterization..

10.2.3 Spectroscopic Advantages of Superconducting tips

10.3 Vortices Studied by STS

10.3.1 The Vortex Lattice: General Properties

and Visualization

10.3.2 NbSe2 Studied with Normal

and Superconducting tips.

10.3.3 NbSe2 vs. NbS2

10.3.4 The Vortex Lattice in thin Films: A 2D Vortex Lattice

10.4 Other Scenarios for the Interplay of Magnetism

and Superconductivity

10.5 Summary and Prospects.

References

11 Surface Superconductivity Controlled by Electric Field

Pavel Lipavsk?y, Jan Kol?aˇcek, and Klaus Morawetz

11.1 Introduction..

11.2 Limit of Large Thomas-Fermi Screening Length

11.3 de Gennes Approach to the Boundary Condition

11.4 Link to the Limit of Large Screening Length

11.5 Electric Field Effect on Surface Superconductivity

11.5.1 Nucleation of Surface Superconductivity

11.5.2 Solution in Dimensionless Notation

11.5.3 Surface Energy..

11.6 Magneto-capacitance.

11.6.1 Discontinuity in Magneto-capacitance

11.6.2 Estimates of Magnitude

11.7 Summary.

References

12 Polarity-Dependent Vortex Pinning

and Spontaneous Vortex-Antivortex Structures

in Superconductor/Ferromagnet Hybrids

Simon J. Bending, Milorad V. Miloˇsevi?c,

and Victor V. Moshchalkov

12.1 Introduction..

12.2 Theoretical Description of F-S Hybrids

12.2.1 Ginzburg-Landau Theory.

12.2.2 London Theory

12.3 Experimental Results.

12.3.1 Scanning Hall Probe Imaging.

12.3.2 Low Moment Dot Arrays with Perpendicular

Magnetisation.

12.3.3 High Moment Dot Arrays with Perpendicular

Magnetisation.

12.3.4 High Moment Arrays with In-Plane Magnetisation.

12.4 Conclusions.

References

13 Superconductor/Ferromagnet Hybrids: Bilayers

and Spin Switching

J. Aarts, C. Attanasio, C. Bell, C. Cirillo, M. Flokstra,

and J.M.v.d. Knaap

13.1 Introduction..

13.2 Some History of the Field.

13.3 Sample Preparation and Ferromagnet Characteristics

13.4 Interface Transparency.

13.5 Domain Walls in S/F Bilayers

13.5.1 DomainWalls in Nb/Cu43Ni57

13.5.2 DomainWalls in Nb/Py

13.6 On the Superconducting Spin Switch

13.6.1 Spin Switch Effects with CuNi

13.6.2 Spin Switch Effects with Py

13.7 Concluding Remarks.

References

14 Interplay Between Ferromagnetism and

Superconductivity

Jacob Linder and Asle Sudb?

14.1 Introduction.

14.2 Artifical Synthesis: FjS Hybrid Structures

14.2.1 Basic Physics

14.2.2 Quasiclassical Theory

14.2.3 FjS Bilayers

14.2.4 SjFjS Josephson Junctions

14.2.5 FjSjF Spin-valves.

14.2.6 Future Prospects

14.3 Intrinsic Coexistence: Ferromagnetic Superconductors

14.3.1 Experimental Results

14.3.2 Phenomenological Framework.

14.3.3 Probing the Pairing Symmetry.

14.3.4 Future Prospects

References

Index

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超导与纳米工程都是当前物理学和材料、工程等方面的研究热点，二者的结合自然更加受人关注。本书作为这一方面的专著，罗列并讲解了众多技术。对于这方面的研究者帮助会很大。